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Myanmar's rubies—bloody color, bloody business

October 08, 2007

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The military regime in Myanmar is funded by the sale of sapphires, pearls, jade and, most of all, rubies—its biggest earner. Since 1964, when Myanmar generals began holding official sales of precious stones, they have earned an estimated $750 million.

Spurred by international outrage over the crackdown on pro-democracy demonstrations, a trade ban on gemstones is being considered by the European Union. This comes after last week’s incident where soldiers opened gunfire on protestors killing 10 people, perhaps more. In addition to the violence, mine conditions are horrendous, and the state holds a majority stake in those operations, including “Valley of the Rubies.” Rare pigeon's blood rubies and blue sapphires from the mountainous Mogok area are worth tens of thousands of dollars apiece.

Currently, a loophole in the U.S. ban on gems from Myanmar allows in stones that are polished and cut elsewhere. The sanctions are pointless since Myanmar exports the majority of its gems uncut. Some dealers in the Buddhist country Bangkok also continue to handle stones from Myanmar, despite the fact that Buddhist were among those fired on at the recent rally.
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